Process for the level dyeing of textile materials composed of polyamide fibers which possess irregular affinity for dyestuffs



PROCESS FOR THE LEVEL DYEING OF TEXTILE MATERIALS COMPOSED F POLYAMIDE FI- BERS WHICH POSSESS GULAR AFFlNITY FOR DYESTUFFS Maurice Aeberhardt, Hermann Egli, and Adam Miknla,

Basel, and Max Perrig, Riehen, near Basel, Switzergand, assignors to Sandoz A.G., Basel, Switzerland, a

WlSS

No Drawing. Filed Nov. 12, 1957, Ser. No. 695,545

Claims priority, application Switzerland Nov. 30, 1956 Claims. (Cl. 8-55) The level dyeing of polyamide fiber fabrics has long been a desideraturn, but one which has not yet been satisfactorily filled. The same applies to yarns, for quite often 'skeins or packages of polyamide fiber which contain filaments from more than one manufacturing batch are dyed to unequal depths of shade.

The barred appearance of fabrics or the varying depths of shade on yarns are due to the fact that the filaments possess irregular affinity for dyestuffs as a result of differences in polymerization, orientation and density.

The present invention relates to a process for dyeing polyamidefibers of irregular affinity for dyestuffs. The fibers may be in the form of knitted or woven fabric or yarn, and the dyestuffs may be acid-dyeing acid and chrome dyestuifs as well as 1:2 metal complex dyestuffs. The process consists in dyeing the material in the presence of sulfonated esters of higher molecular unsaturated fatty acids having a sullfonation degree of 80% and higher, e.g. a highly sulfonated castor oil such as sulforicinate with a sulfonation degree of 80%, and it is performed preferably in an acid dyebath, e.g. containing acetic acid, formic acid or ammonium sulfate.

Whereas a great number of acid dyestuffs yield satisfactory dyeings at the boil, others require temperatures of 110 to 120 C. in order to give completely uniform shades. The latter group includes some of the acid milling dyestuffs and the series of 1:2 metal complex dyestuffs.

In certain cases the eflicacy of the sulfonated esters of higher molecular unsaturated fatty acids can be increased by the addition of tanning agents of natural or synthetic origin. Tannins are suitable for this purpose. ...The following examples illustrate the application of the process without imposing limitations on the type of equip-. ment which may be used or the quantifies of the additions to the dyebath. The parts and percentages are calculated on the weight of the dyeing material and the temperatures are in degrees centigrade. The dyestuffs used in the examples are to be found in the Colour Index, Second Edition, 1956, volume I, the page references being given in brackets after the dyestuif names.

Example 1 100 parts of a hairy-dyeing nylon fabric are dyed in 4000 parts of a dye liquor containing the following additions:

1.5 parts of Xylene Fast Red P (1143) 4 parts of formic acid 85% 1.5 parts of a sulfoleate with a degree of sulfonation of The material is entered at 50, the dyebath heated to 98 in 30 minutes and dyeing continued for 1 hour at this temperature. A brilliant fast red dyeing is obtained which is free from barriness.

A dyeing produced under identical conditions but without the addition of the sulfoleate has a pronounced barry appearance.

In place of Xylene Fast Red P (1143) the following dyestuffs can be used: Xylene Fast Yellow P (1030),

2 Xylene Fast Orange P (1072), Xylene Fast Violet P-3R (1213), Xylene Fast Blue P (1266), Xylene Fast Blue P-R (1287), Xylene Fast Grey P (1394) or Brilliant Alizarine Sky Blue 268 (1277).

Barry-dyeing Perlon (registered trade name) can also be dyed in level shades by the above method.

Example 2 100 parts of a tubular knitted fabric of crimp nylon 66/6 which has a ringed appearance when dyed by the normal methods, are dyed from 4000' parts of a dye liquor containing the following additions:

0.5 part of Metomega Chrome Red 2GLL (1474) 0.8 part of a sulforicinate with a degree of sulfonation 4 parts of acetic acid 80% The material is entered into the dyebath at 60 and the temperature raised to the boil in 45 minutes. Dyeing is continued for 1 hour at the boil. After this time 1 part of potassium bichromate and 2 parts of formic acid are added and the dyeing chromed in 45 minutes at the boil. The dyeing is subsequently soaped with 3 g./l. soap and g./l. sodium carbonate for 30 minutes at 7080. A fast red shade without bar-riness is produced.

An identical dyeing carried out without sulforicinate shows pronounced barriness.

In place of Omega Chrome Red 2GLL 1474) the following dyestuffs can be used: Omega Chrome Orange ML (1437), Omega Chrome Brown 3GL (1572), Omega Chrome Brown RLL (1577 or Omega Chrome Bordeaux 2BL (1468).

Example 3 parts of a cross-wound package of crimped nylon 610 yarn of varying afiinity of dyestuffs are dyed in a high temperature dyeing machine in .1000 parts of a dye liquor containing:

1 part of Lanasyn Brilliant Green BL (1324) 2 parts of ammonium sulfate 2 parts of acetic acid 30% 1 part of a sulforicinate with a degree of sulfonation Example 4 100 parts of a tubular knitted fabric of crimped nylon, which has a ringed appearance when dyed normally, is dyed in a laboratory high temperature dyeing machine in 6000 parts of a dye liquor containing:

1 part of Lanasyn Brown RL (1340) 2 parts of ammonium sulfate 4 parts of a sulforicinate with a degree of sulfonation of The material is entered at 50 and the dyebath heated to in 45 minutes and maintained for 30 minutes at this temperature. A fast brown shade is obtained which does not display the above-mentioned ringed appearance. A

dyeing produced in the same way without a sulforicinate shows marked rings.

In place of Lanasyn RL (1340) the following dyestuffs can be used: Lanasyn Yellow SGL (1048), Lanasyn Yellow GLN (1049), Lanasyn Yellow ZRL (1086), Lanasyn Orange RLN (1087), Lanasyn Red 2GL (1182), Lanasyn Red BL (1182), Lanasyn Bordeaux RL (1183), Lanasyn Brown 3RL (1341), Lanasyn Dark Violet RL (1221) and Lanasyn Gray BL (1397).

Barry-dyeing Perlon" (registered trade name) is also dyed level by the above method.

Example 5 100 parts of a tubular knitted fabric of crimped nylon, which has a ringed appearance when dyed by normal methods, is dyed on a winch in 6000 parts of a dye liquor containing the following additions:

2' parts of Brilliant Alizarine Milling Violet FBL (1213) 4 parts of amomnium sulfate 2 parts of acetic acid 40% 4 parts of a sulforicinate with a degree of sulfonation The dyeing material is entered at 50, the dyebath heated to 98 in 30 minutes and held at this temperature for 1 hour. A bright fast violet shade without any sign of barriness is obtained.

An identical dyeing produced without the addition of the sulforicinate is markedly barry in appearance.

' In place of Brilliant Alizarine Milling Violet FBL (1213) the following dyestufis can be used: Sulfonine Scarlet GWL (1140), Brilliant Alizarrine Milling Blue BL (1265), 2RL (1285), RWL (1288) and FGL (1292/3).

Barry-dyeing Perlon (registered trade name) is also dyed level by this method.

Barry-dyeing Rilsan (registered trade name) is also dyed level by this method.

In the preceding Examples 1 to 7 the term nylon relates to the polyam-ide fiber obtained by condensing adipic acid with hexamethylenediamine, nylon 610 denotes the polyamide fiberobtained by condensing sebacic acid with hexarnethylenediamine, nylon 66/6 is the polyamide copolymer obtained by condensing together adipic acid, hexamethylenediamine and caprolactam, Perlon" is the polyamide fiber obtained from capro'lactam and Rilsan" that obtained from w-aminoundecylic acid.

Having thus disclosed the invention what is claimed is:

1. A process for the level dyeing of textile materials composed of polyamide fibers which possess irregular affinity for dyestuffs, the said process consisting in the application of a dyestufi selected from the group consisting of an acid-dyeing acid dyestufi, a neutral-dyeing acid dyestutf, an acid-dyeing chrome dyestuif, a neutral-dyeing chrome dyestufi, an acid-dyeing 1:2 metal complex dyestuff and a neutral-dyeing 1:2 metal complex dyestufr' in presence of a sulfonated ester of a higher molecular unsat- 4 urated fatty acid, having a sulionation degree of at least about 2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the dyeing is carried out in an acid dyebath.

3. A process according to claim 2, wherein the dyeing is carried out in an acetic acid bath. 7

4. A process according to claim 2, wherein the dyeing is carried out in a formic acid bath.

5. A process according to claim 1, wherein the dyeing is carried out with the addition of ammonium sulfate.

6. A process according to claim .1, wherein the dyeing is carried out at the boil.

7. A process according. to claim 1, wherein the dyeing is carried out at temperatures above the boil.

8. A process according to claim 7, wherein the dyeing is carried out at a temperature between and C.

9. A process for the level dyeing of textile materials composed of polyamide fibers which possess irregular afiinity for dyestuffs, the said process consisting in the application of a dyestuff selected from the group consisting of an acid-dyeing acid dyestuff, a neutral-dyeing acid dyes-tuft, an acid-dyeing chrome dyestufi, a neutral-dyeing chrome dyestufi, an acid-dyeing 1:2 metal complex dyestuff and a neutral-dyeing 1:2 metal complex dyestufi in presence of highly sulfonated castor oil with a sulfonation degree of 80% 10. A process for the level dyeing of textile materials composed of polyarnide. fibers which possess irregular afiinity for dyestuffs, the said process consisting in the application of a dyestuff selected from the group consisting of an acid-dyeing acid dyestuff, a neutral-dyeing acid dyestuff, an acid-dyeing chrome dyestuff, .a neutral-dyeing chrome dyestuff, an acid-dyeing 1:2 metal complex dyestuii and a neutralsdyeing 1:2 metal complex dyestuff in presence of a sulfon'cinate with a sulfonation degree of 80%.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,328,900 Grimm Sept. 7, 1943 2,480,775 Ryan Aug. 30, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS 552,015 Great Britain Mar. 19, 1943 OTHER REFERENCES Du Pont Technical Bulletin, June 1948, pp. 72-73.

De Turck: Amer. Dyes-tufi Reporter, vol. 39', No. 12, June 12, 1950, pp. 404-408 (esp. p. 405).

Douglas: Amer. Dyestutl. Reporter, February 19, 1951, pp. 122-425.

Brooks: Amer. Dyestuff Reporter, September 26, 1955, pp. 698-701.

Diserens: The Chemical Technology of Dyeing and Printing, vol. II, Reinhold Pub. Co., N.Y., 1951, p. 368. 

1. A PROCESS FOR THE LEVEL DYEING OF TEXTILE MATERIALS COMPOSED OF POLYAMIDE FIBERS WHICH POSSESS IRREGULAR AFFINITY FOR DYESTUFFS, THE SAID PROCESS CONSISTING IN THE APPLICATION OF A DYESTUFF SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF AN ACID-DYEING ACID DYESTUFF, A NEUTRAL-DYEING SAID DYESTUFF, AN ACID-DYEING CHROME DYESTUFF, A NEUTRAL-DYEING CHROME DYESTUFF, AN ACID-DYEING 1:2 METAL COMPLEX DYESTUFF AND A NEUTRAL-DYEING 1:2 METAL COMPLEX DYESTUFF IN PRESENCE OF A SULFONATED ESTER OF A HIGHER MOLECULAR UNSATABOUT 80%. 